Świat z kartonu 013 Latarnia morska na Faros

The Pharos lighthouse was built in the Hellenistic era and was completed around 280-289 BC. It was located in the immediate vicinity of the city of Alexandria in Egypt. It was placed on the island of Faros and connected to the mainland by an artificial causeway called the Heptastadion. The building was erected by order of King Ptolemy I, and its architect was probably Sostratos. It cannot be ruled out, however, that the originator of the building was Alexander the Great himself! The construction of the lighthouses probably took about 15-20 years. Its height is estimated at 115-120 meters, which made it one of the tallest buildings in antiquity. The building had a square-shaped lower floor, on which the lower part of the octagonal tower was placed, on which, in turn, there was the third and last floor in the shape of a circle, covered with a dome on columns. The whole was completed by a statue of Poseidon at the very top of the lighthouse. It is estimated that the range of its light could be as high as 30 nautical miles! Already in antiquity, the lighthouse was damaged several times as a result of earthquakes, and in the 9th century its lower floor was transformed into a mosque. The lighthouse was finally destroyed by the earthquake in 1375, and its ruins were pulled down around 1480. It was and is considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World.