Kfz.1 is a German, light, military off-road vehicle from the interwar period and World War II. The production of the car took place in the years 1936-1942. The length of the wagon was approx. 3.9 m, with a width of approx. 1.7 m and a height of up to 1.9 m. The load capacity of the car was up to 500 kilograms. The drive - most often - was provided by a single Stöewer engine with a capacity of 49 HP. It is assumed that the vehicle's operating range was approximately 400 kilometers. The Kfz.1 was designed for the needs of the German army (Heer) as one of the vehicles belonging to the family of universal, passenger military vehicles with off-road capability. They were collectively referred to as Einheits-PKW, and the first copies appeared in the years 1936-1937. The Stöewer plant was primarily responsible for the development and production of the Kfz.1, but production was also carried out at the BMW and Hanomag plants. It is worth adding that the vehicles produced in individual plants differed from each other mainly in the drive unit, the maximum power of which, however, oscillated around 44-49 HP. The Kfz.1 vehicles were used primarily as light transport vehicles and for transporting infantry.
The Mercedes-Benz L 3000 is a German WWII heavy truck / tractor unit that was first presented to the public in 1938. Serial production took place in 1938-1944. A single diesel engine OM65 / 4 with a capacity of 75 HP served as the drive.
The Mercedes-Benz L 3000 was theoretically designed as a heavy truck tractor and had the ability to tow a semi-trailer, but very often the rear of the car was built with a body, which had a relatively low floor to facilitate access to it. The Mercedes-Benz L 3000 was one of the basic two-axle trucks of the German armed forces during the Second World War and was in many respects a vehicle similar to the famous Opel Blitz, but with slightly better off-road performance. In the course of mass production, three versions of this car appeared: L 3000, L 3000 A and L 3000 S. Trucks of this type were used on all fronts of World War II, especially intensively by the Afrika Korps units fighting in North Africa in 1941-1943 . It is estimated that about 30-33 thousand people were created during the war. trucks of this type.
The decisive influence on the shaping of the organization and tactics of the German infantry before the outbreak of World War II was, on the one hand, the experience of the previous World War, but also theoretical works created in the 1920s and 1930s, which often emphasized the need to perceive the German infantry as a tool waging an offensive war. This affected both the equipment and the organization of the German infantry division, which during the September campaign of 1939 consisted of 3 infantry regiments, each of which was divided into 3 infantry battalions, an artillery company and an anti-tank company. In addition, there were numerous support units, including: an artillery regiment with 4 artillery squadrons (including one heavy), an anti-tank battalion, a sapper battalion and a communications battalion. In total, the so-called infantry division In the first mobilization wave, there were approximately 17,700 people and had a significant artillery component, but also was abundantly equipped with machine guns. It also had modern and efficient - for those times - means of communication and command. In the course of the war, infantry divisions underwent transformation - in 1943 some of them were transformed into armored grenadier divisions. However, from 1943, the standard division of the "traditional" infantry consisted of approx. 12,500 men (and not approx. 17,700 as in 1939), and its artillery component - especially heavy artillery - was also reduced in it, while its anti-tank defense was significantly improved. It is assumed that during the entire Second World War, about 350 infantry divisions served in the Wehrmacht.
Germany (first as the Weimar Republic, and later as the Third Reich), although it was one of the largest economies in interwar Europe, did not have a stunning degree of motorization in its society. The famous project of a people's car (German: Volkswagen) started shortly before the outbreak of World War II and in fact - for civilian purposes - began to function only after 1945. The German industry as a whole was also clearly inferior to its American competitor in terms of efficiency or the production techniques used. One should also remember about the necessity to import significant amounts of crude oil by the then Germany. All this, of course, influenced the degree of motorization of the Wehrmacht. On the one hand, it had fully mechanized and motorized armored and light divisions. Also, several types of support units in infantry divisions (especially artillery and communications) were fully or mostly motorized, but horse traction was still the main means of transport for supplies in the Wehrmacht. Moreover, despite attempts to unify the German car fleet and introduce successful trucks (eg Opel Blitz) and off-road vehicles (eg Schiwamwagen or Kübelwagen), the number of types of cars used in the Wehrmacht was significant. Of course, it influenced the pace of repairs, transport, etc. Contrary to popular beliefs, it is difficult to call the entire Wehrmacht during World War II a fully motorized or mechanized army. In this field, it clearly gave way to the British Army and the US Army.
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